Was Emperor Caligula Really A Psychopath? | Ancient Rome with Mary Beard | Timeline
Two thousand years ago one of history’s most notorious individuals was born. Professor Mary Beard embarks on an investigative journey to explore the life and times of Gaius Julius Caesar Augustus Germanicus – better known to us as Caligula.
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Why Is So Much Of Ancient Rome Still Standing?
For centuries, Roman engineering has astonished the world. But what was the secret to building an empire that still stands today? This documentary reveals the surprising answer: Roman concrete. We explore how this revolutionary material, made from volcanic ash, allowed the Romans to construct colossal and intricate structures that have defied the test of time. From the eternal dome of the Pantheon to the intricate foundations of the Colosseum, discover how this lost technology laid the groundwork for an entire civilization.
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The Rise And Fall Of Athens: From Victory Over Persia To The Sicilian Disaster | The Odyssey
In 480 BC, a fragile coalition of Greek city-states stood on the precipice of total annihilation, facing the colossal military might of the Persian Empire. Yet, just a few decades after engineering one of history’s greatest underdog victories, the Athenian Golden Age would come crashing down in a far-off land—shattered not by foreign invaders, but by their own hubris.
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After Alexander – The Mysterious Kingdom Of The Greco-Bactrians // Ancient History Documentary
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This episode was researched and written by the great Dr Raoul McLaughlin. Leading world expert on the classical world & the east. Check out his many fantastic books on the trade of Rome with the east-
https://raoul-mclaughlin.com
— Bibliography —
Secondary Sources –
McLaughlin, Roman Empire and the Indian Ocean (2014).
McLaughlin, Roman Empire and the Silk Routes (2016).
Dalrymple, The Golden Road: How Ancient India Transformed the World (2025).
Scott, Ancient Worlds: An Epic History of East and West (2017).
Reconstructions and Artifacts:
Nikonorov, The Armies of Bactria (1997).
Shane Wallace, ‘Greek Culture in Afghanistan and India: Old Evidence and New
Discoveries’ (2016) pages 205-226.
Holt, Thundering Zeus: The Making of Hellenistic Bactria (1999).
Holt, Into the Land of Bones: Alexander the Great in Afghanistan (2006).
Sidky, The Greek Kingdom of Bactria: From Alexander to Eucratides the Great
(2000).
Tarn, The Greeks in Bactria and India (1938).
Kosmin, The Land of the Elephant Kings: Space, Territory, and Ideology in the
Seleucid Empire (2014).
Stoneman, The Greek Experience of India: From Alexander to the Indo-Greeks
(2021).
Jansari, Chandragupta Maurya: The Creation of a National Hero (2023).
Olivelle, Ashoka: Portrait of a Philosopher King (2024).
Thapar, Asoka and the Decline of the Mauryas (2012).
Specialist Study and Academic Debate:
Mairs, The Graeco-Bactrian and Indo-Greek World (2020).
Mairs, The Hellenistic Far East: Archaeology, Language, and Identity in Greek
Central Asia (2016).
Mairs, The Archaeology of the Hellenistic Far East: A Survey (2011).
Narain, The Indo-Greeks (1962).
Cohen, Hellenistic Settlements in the East from Armenia and Mesopotamia to Bactria
and India (2013).
Vassiliades, The Greeks in India: A Survey in Philosophical Understanding (2000).
Chandra, Indo-Greek Jewellery (1979).
Esposito, Armies of the Hellenistic States 323 BC to AD 30: History, Organization and Equipment (2019).
Richardson, Alexandria: The Quest for the Lost City (2021).
Primary Sources –
Strabo, Geography.
Plutarch, Life of Alexander.
Curtius Rufus, History of Alexander.
Arrian, The Campaigns of Alexander.
Diodorus Siculus, History (Books 17-18).
Nagasena, The Questions of King Milinda: Bilingual Edition (Pali / English).
Stoneman, Megasthenes' Indica: A New Translation with Commentary (2021).
Sima Qian, Shiji.
Austin, The Hellenistic World from Alexander to the Roman Conquest: A Selection of
Ancient Sources in Translation (2006).
Casson, The Periplus Maris Erythraei: Text with Introduction, Translation &
Commentary (1989).
This episode was edited by Damiano Petrucci
Additional editing and narration by Pete Kelly
— Thumbnail art by the legendary Ettore Mazza
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— Listen to episode one of History Time: Unearthed. The new companion podcast to this show-
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Ancient Rome’s Most Feared Ruler: The Story Of Caligula
Caligula, Rome’s third emperor, was assassinated at the age of 28 after less than four years in power. He is widely known for “corruption, horror, and excess,” becoming a symbol of tyranny. Mary Beard uncovers his story.
Do you love uncovering the past, exploring historic sites, and venturing to distant lands? Join History Hit today and stream hundreds of exclusive documentaries, with new releases every week. Plus, enjoy ad-free access to our podcast network for even more history every week.
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4 Hours Of Ancient History’s Deadliest Warriors
Germanic Ghost Warriors that hunted Romans, Spartan soldiers, Assasins, Samurai and more. Discover the unique training and philosophies behind some of history’s most effective and deadly killers.
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THE ENTIRE HISTORY OF ANCIENT GREECE (3000 BC – 146 BC) – Full Documentary
♦Get your map here: https://knowledgia.co/
♦The Entire History of Ancient Greece (3000 BC – 146 BC) Full Documentary
The entire history of ancient Greece, from the rise of the Minoans and Mycenaeans to the conquests of Alexander the Great and the fall of the Hellenistic world. This documentary covers over 2,000 years of Greek civilization in one film.
From the Bronze Age palaces of Crete to the battlefields of Marathon and Thermopylae, from the birth of democracy in Athens to the philosophical revolution of Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle, this is the complete story of how a handful of Greek city-states shaped the foundations of Western civilization.
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♦Music by Epidemic Sound
Big thank you to:
Николай Димитров, Tobias Tron, Mahmoud Shahin, Justin Bourke, Augustus Caesar, Chaim laser
Joshua Kerr, Slayer, John McKeon ,Michael Morale,Rory,Smithy3371, The Angry Celt, Paula Collins-Cook, Jonathon Dwigans
00:00 Beginnings of European Civilization
05:05 Minoan Culture and Innovations
10:50 Rise of the Minoan Palaces
13:31 Minoan Society and Expansion
19:19 Catastrophe and Minoan Resurgence
22:51 Art, Religion, and Minoan Zenith
26:31 Emergence of Mycenaean Power
33:40 Mycenaean Society and Conquest
38:46 Mycenaean Dominance and Decline
44:17 The Dorians and the Greek Colonizations
47:03 Tribal Greece and Xerses Invasion
52:47 Delian League
55:16 Greece Democracy and Culture
01:04:59 Persian Wars and Greek Unity
01:09:54 Alexander the Great
01:14:15 Civil War: Peloponnesian War
01:20:00 The Hellenistic World
01:30:07 The Hellenistic Conflicts
01:35:48 Rise of Rome
01:42:18 Rome Conquers Greece
01:50:00 End of Hellenistic Greece
History of the Entire World (Ancient, Medieval, Modern) | World History Documentary
History of the World attempts to tell the story of humans from Prehistoric times, through the Ancient Period, Middle Ages, and Modern History in a concise movie. It’s meant for people who want to have a basic understanding of the major events of human history.
Human history, or world history, is the narrative of humanity’s past. It is understood through archaeology, anthropology, genetics, and linguistics, and since the advent of writing, from primary and secondary sources.
Humanity’s written history was preceded by its prehistory, beginning with the Palaeolithic Era (“Old Stone Age”), followed by the Neolithic Era (“New Stone Age”). The Neolithic saw the Agricultural Revolution begin, between 10,000 and 5000 BCE, in the Near East’s Fertile Crescent. During this period, humans began the systematic husbandry of plants and animals. As agriculture advanced, most humans transitioned from a nomadic to a settled lifestyle as farmers in permanent settlements. The relative security and increased productivity provided by farming allowed communities to expand into increasingly larger units, fostered by advances in transportation.
Whether in prehistoric or historic times, people always needed to be near reliable sources of drinking water. Settlements developed as early as 4,000 BCE in Iran, in Mesopotamia, in the Indus River valley on the Indian subcontinent, on the banks of Egypt’s Nile River, and along China’s rivers. As farming developed, grain agriculture became more sophisticated and prompted a division of labour to store food between growing seasons. Labour divisions led to the rise of a leisured upper class and the development of cities, which provided the foundation for civilization. The growing complexity of human societies necessitated systems of accounting and writing. Hinduism developed in the late Bronze Age on the Indian subcontinent. The Axial Age witnessed the introduction of religions such as Buddhism, Taoism, Confucianism, and Jainism.
With civilizations flourishing, ancient history (“Antiquity,” including the Classical Age and Golden Age of India, up to about 500 CE) saw the rise and fall of empires. Post-classical history (the “Middle Ages,” c. 500–1500 CE,) witnessed the rise of Christianity, the Islamic Golden Age (c. 750 CE – c. 1258 CE), and the Timurid and Italian Renaissances (from around 1300 CE). The mid-15th-century introduction of movable-type printing in Europe revolutionized communication and facilitated ever wider dissemination of information, hastening the end of the Middle Ages and ushering in the Scientific Revolution. The early modern period, sometimes referred to as the “European Age and Age of the Islamic Gunpowders”, from about 1500 to 1800, included the Age of Discovery and the Age of Enlightenment. By the 18th century, the accumulation of knowledge and technology had reached a critical mass that brought about the Industrial Revolution and began the late modern period, which started around 1800 and has continued through the present.
This scheme of historical periodization (dividing history into Antiquity, Post-Classical, Early Modern, and Late Modern periods) was developed for, and applies best to, the history of the Old World, particularly Europe and the Mediterranean. Outside this region, including ancient China and ancient India, historical timelines unfolded differently. However, by the 18th century, due to extensive world trade and colonization, the histories of most civilizations had become substantially intertwined, a process known as globalization. In the last quarter-millennium, the rates of growth of population, knowledge, technology, communications, commerce, weapon destructiveness, and environmental degradation have greatly accelerated, creating unprecedented opportunities and perils that now confront the planet’s human communities.
NOTE: There might be a few audio issues throughout because of third-party claims.
——-
Lvl 1: HISTORY OF THE WORLD
Lvl 2: TIME PERIOD MEGA-DOCUMENTARIES
0:00 Intro
0:08 Prehistory
7:29 Ancient Period
39:06 Post-Classical
1:14:49 Early Modern
1:46:34 Late Modern
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All images used with CC license.
3D Uruk source:
Uruk, erste Metropole der Weltgeschichte (CC BY 4.0)
https://www.zdf.de/dokumentation/terra-x/uruk-die-erste-metropole-der-weltgeschichte-creative-commons-100.html
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode.de
Music Credits can be found in each videos’ description
PREHISTORIC: https://youtu.be/bU1Aku_fZV4
ANCIENT: https://youtu.be/yQt3nBMCfkI
POST-CLASSICAL: https://youtu.be/qwEw5RhF-2g
EARLY MODERN: https://youtu.be/6dSDofa71o8
LATE MODERN: https://youtu.be/LbgiS4y4L78
The Druids And King Arthur I History Documentary I Part I
We will explore how ancient memories and symbols from Britain’s pre-Christian past—especially those of the Druids—were preserved and reimagined in the legends of King Arthur. Glastonbury Abbey became a key site where myth and history mixed. Arthur, once possibly a sky god like Arcturus or a real leader such as Ambrosius Aurelianus, was remembered as a heroic figure who would return in times of need. Even after the Norman Conquest, monks and kings used his story to inspire and legitimize power, blending Druidic heritage with Christian tradition in places like Glastonbury and Amesbury.
The Concise History of Ancient Canaan and the Canaanite Peoples (c. 7000-539 BC)
This is the video that several of you have requested – a one stop shop on the history of ancient Canaan and its people, the Canaanites. In this program we’ll look at the history of this region and how it developed from the Bronze Age, Canaan’s relationship with Egypt and other parts of the world, and various Canaanite kingdoms such Moab, Edom, Ammon, Israel and Judah. I’ve also remastered past content on the Phoenician cities of Sidon, Tyre and Byblos and added them at the end of the video. If you want a general history of ancient Canaan and the Canaanite people, then this program is for you.
*Contents:*
00:00 Introduction to Canaan
01:45 Early Bronze Age History of Canaan
06:40 Canaan, Egypt, Mitanni and the Hittites
22:23 Life in Canaan during the Bronze Age
25:53 Canaan and the Bronze Age Collapse
32:39 Canaanite Religion
34:51 Moab
37:15 Edom
39:27 Ammon
41:05 Israel and Judah
49:21 Sidon
1:00:36 Tyre
1:14:30 Byblos
1:26:49 Thank You and Patrons
*Related Videos:*
*History of Ancient Egypt: Dynasty XVIII – Egypt’s Golden Age and the Start of the New Kingdom*
*History of Ancient Egypt: Dynasty XIX – Ramesses II, the Battle of Kadesh and the Israel Stela*
*History of Ancient Egypt: Dynasty XX – Sea Peoples, Late Bronze Age Collapse and the End of an Era*
*Sources and Suggested Reading:*
_Canaanites_ – Jonathan N. Tubb
_Canaan and Israel in Antiquity_ – K. L. Knoll
_Archaeology of the Land of the Bible: 10,000-586 BC_ – Amihai Mazar
_The Battles of Armageddon: Megiddo and the Jezreel Valley from the Bronze Age to the Nuclear Age_ – Eric H. Cline
_Archaeology and the Religions of Canaan and Israel_ – Ed. Victor Matthews
_The Forgotten Kingdom: the Archaeology and History of Northern Israel_ – Israel Finkelstein
_Assyrian and Babylonian Chronicles_ – A. K. Grayson
_The Royal Inscriptions of Esarhaddon, King of Assyria (680-669 BC)_ – Erle Leichty
_The Royal Inscriptions of Sennacherib, King of Assyria (704-681 BC), Part II_ – A. K. Grayson and Jamie Novotny
Machinimas created using Total War: Rome 2 Age of Bronze mod
